TRABALHOS PUBLICADOS
2014 |
A Discussion on Security Evaluation of Time Synchronization Algorithm via Modeling and Simulation Proceedings Article Junior, Eloy Martins Oliveira; Oliveira, Marcelo Lopes; Souza, Resumo | Links | BibTeX | Tags: cyber warfare, cyber-, Time Synchronization @inproceedings{Eloy2014cyberb,Satellites, aircrafts, automobiles, power controls and traffic controls are part of critical infrastructure of a country. The security requirements for these systems are increasing to improve the capability to avoid malicious attacks. These systems integrate computations, communications and real time controls in a deterministic and distributed environment. Networked Control Systems (NCSs) are an example of this. An NCS interconnects, in different levels of operations, a large number of actuators, sensors and controllers. To achieve the determinism, it requires time synchronization among its nodes. However, the time synchronization process is a potential target for malicious attacks attempting to disrupt the normal operation of systems. This paper presents a discussion on security evaluation of fault-tolerant mid-point time synchronization algorithm via modeling and simulation. This discussion shows preliminarily: 1) the effects of malicious attack in time synchronization algorithm; 2) the potential effects on systems; and 3) suggestions for countermeasures. |
2013 |
An Overview of Security Aspects of the PTP Algorithm and their Effects in Networked Control Systems with TDMA under Time Discontinuity Faults Proceedings Article Junior, Eloy Martins Oliveira; Oliveira, Marcelo Lopes; Souza, Resumo | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Cyber Security, Time, Time Synchronization @inproceedings{Eloy2013Cyberb,Current systems such as satellites, aircrafts, automobiles and traffic controls are becoming increasingly complex and/or highly integrated as prescribed by the SAE- ARP-4754A Standard. Such systems operate in distributed environments such as Networked Control Systems(NCS), which time synchronization among different frequently require devices, levels and granularities aiming to minimize the time de- synchronizations. However, the common approaches for this do not address the time discontinuities that occur during re- synchronizations and that may cause accidental faults. These faults may have serious consequences for safety. Even worse, these faults may be maliciously explored to cause serious consequences for security. Towards avoiding both, this paper presents an overview of security aspects of the PTP algorithm and their effects in NCS with TDMA under time discontinuity faults. It is based on a review of the literature, discussions and simulations of a NCS with TDMA which requires time synchronization using PTP. This overview show preliminarily that: 1)the effects of time discontinuities in NCS may be serious; 2)new techniques and analysis must be developed to address the time discontinuities for the improvement of security of NCS. |
2012 |
A Brief Comparison of Security Aspects of Time Synchronization in Networked Control Systems using CSMA/CD versus TDMA Protocols Proceedings Article Junior, Eloy Martins Oliveira; Oliveira, Marcelo Lopes; Souza, Resumo | Links | BibTeX | Tags: CSMACD, TDMA I INTRODUCTION, Time Synchronization @inproceedings{Eloy2012Timeb,Current systems such as satellites, aircrafts, traffic controls, military systems and smart grids are becoming increasingly complex and/or highly integrated as prescribed by constraints, the SAE-ARP-4754 Standard. The complexity and/or high integration make the security of these systems itself a challenge. Such systems, usually in a form of networked control systems (NCS), require accurate time synchronization among its nodes and devices for correct operation. So, any accidental or intentional fluctuation beyond a tolerance in communication and hence in the control systems. This paper presents a brief comparison of security aspects of time synchronization in NCS using CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access - Collision Detection) and TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) protocols. This highlights how the NCS using CSMA/CD and TDMA networks is affected by the malicious clock de-synchronization; and this includes some simulations to illustrate them. The paper concludes by the comparison of networks and suggests some countermeasures, based on the comparisons and simulations presented. |